Archaeological medicine was a branch of archaeology that focused on uncovering the history and discoveries of ancient medicine.
In 2259, Nurse Christine Chapel informed Doctor Joseph M'Benga that she was considering applying for a fellowship in archaeological medicine that would station her on Vulcan for two months. (SNW: "The Broken Circle") She was ultimately accepted to the program. (SNW: "Subspace Rhapsody")
Roger Korby specialized in the field of archaeological medicine, and was referred to by some as its equivalent to Pasteur. Among his achievements, including the excavation of Exo III, his translation of medical records from the Orion ruins helped revolutionize modern 23rd century immunization techniques. (SNW: "Subspace Rhapsody"; TOS: "What Are Little Girls Made Of?")