The USS Palenque was a Federation starship operated by Starfleet in the 23rd century.
Erica Ortegas served on the Palenque prior to her time on the USS Enterprise. For Starfleet Remembrance Day in 2259, she wore a pin memorializing the crewmates she had lost from this ship. (SNW: "Memento Mori")
This ship was presumably named after the ancient Mayan city of Palenque.