Egalitarianism was a species' philosophical belief in equality, with respect to social, economic, and political rights and privileges.
Around 2369, the Arkarians experienced a trend toward becoming an egalitarian society. As a result of this trend, Data observed the significance of Mr. Orton's family dropping of the prefix "Pel" from his surname, in spite of the noble appellation the name held. (TNG: "Starship Mine")