A standing desk
A desk was a table used as a working place.
The captain's ready room aboard United Earth Starfleet and, later, Federation starships included a desk, often equipped with a desktop monitor. (Star Trek: Enterprise, Star Trek: The Next Generation, Star Trek: Voyager)
The desk in Captain Jonathan Archer's ready room featured a slot to read a data module. (ENT: "Terra Nova")
Some quarters aboard Enterprise NX-01 were equipped with a desk including the quarters of Sub-commander T'Pol and Captain Jonathan Archer. (ENT: "Breaking the Ice", "Fortunate Son")
The shopkeeper Garos had a desk in his curio shop on the Akaali homeworld in 2151. (ENT: "Civilization")
While under the effects of trellium-D in 2154, T'Pol angrily struck the desk in Captain Jonathan Archer's ready room with a PADD which consequently shattered. Archer noted that, though they had repeatedly disagreed in the past, T'Pol had never before "taken it out on [his] desk." (ENT: "Damage")
In the final draft script of "Damage", T'Pol continued this discussion by telling Archer she would have the desk replaced, though she doesn't say this in the final version of the episode.
Student desks on Miri's planet
Student desk aboard DS9
Child-sized desks could be found in classrooms. (TOS: "Miri"; TNG: "When The Bough Breaks"; DS9: "A Man Alone", "The Nagus", "In the Hands of the Prophets")
Horta eggs as a desk ornament
Desks were often used to display objects of interest, such as silicon nodules – Horta eggs in reality. (TOS: "The Devil in the Dark")
The battle bridge ready room aboard the USS Enterprise-D also featured a desk. (TNG: "Encounter at Farpoint")
The Bandi Groppler Zorn had a large, wooden desk in his office on Deneb IV. (TNG: "Encounter at Farpoint") Karnas of Mordan IV also had a desk in his office. (TNG: "Too Short A Season")
A desk aboard a Galaxy-class starship
Starfleet workplaces featured a special desk made out of wood and glass. Desks like this one were featured in guest quarters aboard the Enterprise-D in 2364 and offices at Starfleet Headquarters in 2372. (TNG: "Conspiracy"; DS9: "Homefront", "Paradise Lost")
Pe'Nar Makull had a glass desk in his hiding place on his homeworld. (VOY: "Time and Again")
In 2375, Starfleet officer Al Lorenzo collected holo-images of himself behind the desks of famous captains. (DS9: "Treachery, Faith and the Great River")