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Article appeared in the Times-Picayune (New Orleans), May 26, 1996
American Quarterly
Our Native Clay": Racial and Sexual Identity and the Making of Americans in The Bridge1992 •
2016 •
2013 •
Photographs of Native Americans taken by Frank A. Rinehart at the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition in 1898 were then and continue to be part of the construction of indigenous identities, both by Anglo-Americans and Natives. This thesis analyzes the ramifications of Rinehart’s portraits and those of his peers as well as Native American artists in the 20th and 21st centuries who have sought to re-appropriate these images to make them empowering icons of individual or tribal identity rather than erasure of culture. This thesis comprises two sections. In the first section, the analysis is focused on the historical functioning of the Rinehart photographs taken at the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition in 1898. The second section turns to a contemporary reading of the Rinehart images and other images like them. This includes an analysis of the author’s relationship with the photograph of an ancestor who was present at the Exhibition, as well as an examination of a piece by the performance artist, James Luna. The latter section relies heavily on Marianne Hirsch’s concept of postmemory, through which identity is formed by traumas inherited by succeeding generations, often through the vehicle of family portraits.
Wicazo Sa Review
A Society Based on Names: Ray Young Bear's Black Eagle Child: The Facepaint Narratives2006 •
Objectives: This article uses craniometric allocation as a platform for discussing the legacy of Samuel G. Morton's collection of crania, the process of racialization, and the value of contextualized biohistoric research perspectives in biological anthropology. Materials and Methods: Standard craniometric measurements were recorded for seven Seminoles in the Samuel G. Morton Crania Collection and 10 European soldiers from the Fort St. Marks Military Cemetery; all individuals were men and died in Florida during the 19th century. Fordisc 3.1 was used to assess craniometric affinity with respect to three samples: the Forensic Data Bank, Howells data set, and an archival sample that best fits the target populations collected from 19th century Florida. Discriminant function analyses were used to evaluate how allocations change across the three comparative databases, which roughly reflect a temporal sequence. Results: Most Seminoles allocated as Native American, while most soldiers allocated as Euro-American. Allocation of Seminole crania, however, was unstable across analysis runs with more individuals identifying as African Americans when compared to the Howells and Forensic Data Bank. To the contrary, most of the soldiers produced consistent allocations across analyses. Repeatability for the St. Marks sample was lower when using the archival sample database, contrary to expectations. For the Seminole crania, Cohen's κ indicates significantly lower repeatability. A possible Black Seminole individual was identified in the Morton Collection. Discussion: Recent articles discussing the merits and weaknesses of comparative craniometry focus on methodological issues. In our biohistoric approach, we use the patterning of craniometric allocations across databases as a platform for discussing social race and its development during the 19th century, a process known as racialization. Here we propose that differences in repeatability for the Seminoles and Euro-American soldiers reflect this process and transformation of racialized identities during 19th century U.S. nation-building. In particular, notions of whiteness were and remain tightly controlled, while other racial categorizations were affected by legal, social, and political contexts that resulted in hybridity in lieu of boundedness.
2020 •
This paper describes the contexts in which Archibald J. Motley grew up and produced his vision of the world. The article argues that as a flaneur Motley transitioned from an ethnically creole and outsider position to that of an insider more fully engaged in an African American perspective that arose over the course of the social and political changes of the twentieth century. The author asserts that Motley's transition is an example of how identities transitioned after the Great Migration from more regional state-based focus to a more general and perhaps a politically expedient notion of black identity that served the purposes of the Civil Rights Movement, but may also have minimized the importance of regional Black and Creole cultures such as those found and often undocumented in the United States in Louisiana, Alabama, Missisippi, and Texas.
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Journal of Anthropological Research
Ties That Bind: The Story of an Afro-Cherokee Family in Slavery and Freedom</article-title>< contr2006 •
Cultural Anthropology
“Indian Blood”: Reflections on the Reckoning and Refiguring of Native North American Identity2013 •
Journal of Cross-cultural Gerontology
Book Review: D. D. Jackson, Our Elders Lived It: American Indian Identity in the City DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, 20022003 •
Center for Migration Studies special issues
1: Identity and Ethnicity among Italians and Other Americans of European Ancestry1994 •
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Explanations in Iconography: Ancient American Indian Art, Symbol, and Meaning, edited by Carol Diaz-Granados, pp. 105-128, Oxbow Books, Havertown, PA
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The Two Lives of Sally Miller: A Case of Mistaken Racial Identity in Antebellum New Orleans2008 •
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American Literature
Italian Signs, American Streets: The Evolution of Italian American Narrative1997 •