Nutrients and bioactives in green leafy vegetables and cognitive decline: Prospective study
- PMID: 29263222
- PMCID: PMC5772164
- DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004815
Nutrients and bioactives in green leafy vegetables and cognitive decline: Prospective study
Abstract
Objective: To increase understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the association, we investigated the individual relations to cognitive decline of the primary nutrients and bioactives in green leafy vegetables, including vitamin K (phylloquinone), lutein, β-carotene, nitrate, folate, kaempferol, and α-tocopherol.
Methods: This was a prospective study of 960 participants of the Memory and Aging Project, ages 58-99 years, who completed a food frequency questionnaire and had ≥2 cognitive assessments over a mean 4.7 years.
Results: In a linear mixed model adjusted for age, sex, education, participation in cognitive activities, physical activities, smoking, and seafood and alcohol consumption, consumption of green leafy vegetables was associated with slower cognitive decline; the decline rate for those in the highest quintile of intake (median 1.3 servings/d) was slower by β = 0.05 standardized units (p = 0.0001) or the equivalent of being 11 years younger in age. Higher intakes of each of the nutrients and bioactives except β-carotene were individually associated with slower cognitive decline. In the adjusted models, the rates for the highest vs the lowest quintiles of intake were β = 0.02, p = 0.002 for phylloquinone; β = 0.04, p = 0.002 for lutein; β = 0.05, p < 0.001 for folate; β = 0.03, p = 0.02 for α-tocopherol; β = 0.04, p = 0.002 for nitrate; β = 0.04, p = 0.003 for kaempferol; and β = 0.02, p = 0.08 for β-carotene.
Conclusions: Consumption of approximately 1 serving per day of green leafy vegetables and foods rich in phylloquinone, lutein, nitrate, folate, α-tocopherol, and kaempferol may help to slow cognitive decline with aging.
Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Neurology.
Figures
Comment in
-
Reader response: Nutrients and bioactives in green leafy vegetables and cognitive decline: Prospective study.Neurology. 2018 Sep 4;91(10):489. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000544099.77331.50. Neurology. 2018. PMID: 30177535 No abstract available.
Similar articles
-
Higher circulating α-carotene was associated with better cognitive function: an evaluation among the MIND trial participants.J Nutr Sci. 2021 Aug 16;10:e64. doi: 10.1017/jns.2021.56. eCollection 2021. J Nutr Sci. 2021. PMID: 34527222 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Low intakes of carotene, vitamin B2 , pantothenate and calcium predict cognitive decline among elderly patients with diabetes mellitus: The Japanese Elderly Diabetes Intervention Trial.Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2017 Aug;17(8):1168-1175. doi: 10.1111/ggi.12843. Epub 2016 Jul 18. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2017. PMID: 27427336
-
APOE ε4 and the associations of seafood and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids with cognitive decline.Neurology. 2016 May 31;86(22):2063-70. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002719. Epub 2016 May 4. Neurology. 2016. PMID: 27164694 Free PMC article.
-
Role of fruit and vegetables in sustaining healthy cognitive function: evidence and issues.Proc Nutr Soc. 2023 Sep;82(3):305-314. doi: 10.1017/S0029665123002999. Epub 2023 Apr 24. Proc Nutr Soc. 2023. PMID: 37092750 Review.
-
Nutritional, phytochemical and diverse health-promoting qualities of Cleome gynandra.Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(13):3535-3552. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1867055. Epub 2021 Jan 5. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022. PMID: 33397131 Review.
Cited by
-
Dietary folate intake and serum klotho levels in adults aged 40-79 years: a cross-sectional study from the national health and nutrition examination survey 2007-2016.Front Nutr. 2024 Jul 8;11:1420087. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1420087. eCollection 2024. Front Nutr. 2024. PMID: 39040924 Free PMC article.
-
Effects of sleep deprivation on brain atrophy in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.Ageing Res Rev. 2024 Aug;99:102397. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102397. Epub 2024 Jun 26. Ageing Res Rev. 2024. PMID: 38942198
-
Using Focus Groups to Explore Older Black Men's Perception of Dietary Interventions.Am J Mens Health. 2024 Mar-Apr;18(2):15579883241241973. doi: 10.1177/15579883241241973. Am J Mens Health. 2024. PMID: 38613210 Free PMC article.
-
Plant Foods Intake and Risk of Premature Aging in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer in the St Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE).J Clin Oncol. 2024 May 1;42(13):1553-1562. doi: 10.1200/JCO.23.01260. Epub 2024 Jan 23. J Clin Oncol. 2024. PMID: 38261979
-
Effect of MIND diet on cognitive function in elderly: a narrative review with emphasis on bioactive food ingredients.Food Sci Biotechnol. 2023 Dec 21;33(2):297-306. doi: 10.1007/s10068-023-01465-0. eCollection 2024 Jan. Food Sci Biotechnol. 2023. PMID: 38222909 Review.
References
-
- Kang JH, Ascherio A, Grodstein F. Fruit and vegetable consumption and cognitive decline in aging women. Ann Neurol 2005;57:713–720. - PubMed
-
- Bennett DA, Schneider JA, Aggarwal NT, et al. . Decision rules guiding the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in two community-based cohort studies compared to standard practice in a clinic-based cohort study. Neuroepidemiology 2006;27:169–176. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical